Define the term "capacitive deionization."

Define the term "capacitive deionization."

• A. A method to enhance battery life
• B. An electrochemical process for ion removal from water
• C. A technique for increasing reaction rates
• D. A device for measuring electric fields

Answer: (B)

Capacitive deionization refers to an electrochemical process specifically designed for the removal of ions from water. It operates by using a pair of electrodes that store charge, leading to the attraction and subsequent removal of charged particles (ions) from the water. When an electric potential is applied across the electrodes, positively charged ions (cations) are attracted to the negatively charged electrode, while negatively charged ions (anions) move towards the positively charged electrode. This selective adsorption of ions allows for effective deionization of water. In this process, water flows through the capacitor-like structure where the ions are captured and stored, after which the system can be regenerated to release the ions, making it a sustainable and efficient method for purifying water. Understanding capacitive deionization is essential, especially in applications like water treatment and recycling, where there is a significant demand for clean water. The other options do not correctly define capacitive deionization. Enhancing battery life relates to energy storage technologies rather than water treatment. Increasing reaction rates pertains to catalysis and is unrelated to the ion removal focus of capacitive deionization. Measuring electric fields is a completely different function that does not pertain to the removal or treatment of ions from solutions.

Capacitive deionization refers to an electrochemical process specifically designed for the removal of ions from water. It operates by using a pair of electrodes that store charge, leading to the attraction and subsequent removal of charged particles (ions) from the water. When an electric potential is applied across the electrodes, positively charged ions (cations) are attracted to the negatively charged electrode, while negatively charged ions (anions) move towards the positively charged electrode. This selective adsorption of ions allows for effective deionization of water.

In this process, water flows through the capacitor-like structure where the ions are captured and stored, after which the system can be regenerated to release the ions, making it a sustainable and efficient method for purifying water. Understanding capacitive deionization is essential, especially in applications like water treatment and recycling, where there is a significant demand for clean water.

The other options do not correctly define capacitive deionization. Enhancing battery life relates to energy storage technologies rather than water treatment. Increasing reaction rates pertains to catalysis and is unrelated to the ion removal focus of capacitive deionization. Measuring electric fields is a completely different function that does not pertain to the removal or treatment of ions from solutions.