What happens to the charge of ions which move towards the cathode?

When ions move towards the cathode, they undergo a reduction reaction, which involves the gain of electrons. This process is fundamental to electrochemistry, where the cathode is defined as the electrode where reduction occurs. In reducing agents, the positive ions in the electrolyte accept electrons from the cathode, which decreases their positive charge, effectively transforming them into neutral atoms or reducing their charge states.

For example, if a cation (a positively charged ion) moves toward the cathode, it will gain electrons and thus become a neutral atom or a less positively charged ion. This gain of electrons results in the formation of new chemical species, which is the hallmark of the reduction process occurring at the cathode. Understanding the dynamics of electron transfer is crucial for grasping electrochemical reactions, particularly in batteries, electrolysis, and electroplating.