What is the function of an ion-selective electrode?

An ion-selective electrode is specifically designed to respond selectively to a particular ion in solution while ignoring the presence of other ions. This selectivity allows for accurate measurements of the concentration of the target ion without interference from other ions. The electrode generates a potential that corresponds to the concentration of the specific ion, allowing for precise analysis and monitoring of ion levels in various chemical and biological samples.

In contrast, measuring the total ion concentration would involve a different methodology that does not focus on individual ion species. Conducting general electrochemical reactions pertains to broader reactions and is not specific to ion measurement. Stabilizing the pH of the solution is also unrelated to the primary function of an ion-selective electrode, which is centered on ion detection rather than maintaining chemical stability. Overall, the distinctive feature of the ion-selective electrode is its ability to provide accurate concentrations for specific ions, making option B the correct choice.