Which of the following is an example of a secondary battery?

A secondary battery, also known as a rechargeable battery, is designed to be charged and discharged multiple times without significant degradation in performance. The lithium-ion battery exemplifies this functionality. Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various applications, including consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy storage.

They work by storing energy during the charge cycle through the movement of lithium ions between the anode and cathode. When the battery discharges, the ions move back across, releasing the stored energy for use. This process can be repeated many times, making lithium-ion batteries efficient and cost-effective for applications where battery replacement is impractical.

In contrast, the other batteries listed, such as alkaline, silver oxide, and zinc-carbon batteries, are typically classified as primary batteries. These batteries are intended for single-use, as they are not designed to be recharged once depleted. They undergo irreversible chemical changes during discharge and cannot efficiently return to their original state to store energy again, which distinguishes them from secondary batteries.